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Publication Why some jobs just ‘sound’ male: the Arabic language effect(Informa UK Limited, 2025-07-10)This study examines how language systems and school textbooks influence L1 Arabicstudents’ perceptions of professional and political job roles. A custom-designed surveywas used to assess how students associate jobs with gender when explicit grammat-ical markers are removed. Job titles were extracted from widely used Arabic languagetextbooks and reformulated into passive-structured sentences that avoided direct mor-phological gender cues. Sixty-two students from a public elementary school in Riyadhparticipated, selecting either the masculine or feminine form of job titles presented inthe questionnaire. The findings indicate that while masculine job terms in educationalmaterials contribute to gender associations, the broader Arabic language system has astronger influence. However, exposure to gendered terms in textbooks reinforcesthese associations. This is the first study to investigate the effect of gendered suffixeson job-related linguistic cues among L1 Arabic students. The findings highlight theimportance of gender-inclusive language in educational content to promote a morebalanced perception of professional roles. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Publication Some properties of the pT regions observed at the LHC energies(2025-04-29)The inclusive spectrum of the charged particles, [Formula: see text]0- and [Formula: see text]-mesons produced in the pp collisions at LHC energies were analyzed by fitting them with exponential functions. It was found the spectra were composed of several p[Formula: see text] regions, which could be characterized by the length of the regions [Formula: see text] and two free fitting parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The study of the [Formula: see text] dependences of the parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and of the energy dependencies of the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] showed that the regions can be classified into two groups depending on the values of the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The values of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the first group don’t depend on colliding energy and the type of the particles (though the values of [Formula: see text] increase linearly with energy) whereas the characteristics in the second group of regions show strong dependencies. It was found that the ratio of the length for the [Formula: see text]-mesons to one for the [Formula: see text]0-mesons is approximately equal to the ratio of their mass: [Formula: see text]. Assuming that the values of the [Formula: see text] are directly proportional to the string tension the result could be considered as evidence in favor of parton string fragmentation dynamics. The increase in the lengths for the [Formula: see text]-mesons’ regions is accompanied by an increase of the values for the parameter [Formula: see text]. It can mean that the [Formula: see text]-mesons were produced at smaller values of [Formula: see text] compared with that for [Formula: see text]0-mesons. The results show that for the first group of regions the lengths of the regions are [Formula: see text]3–5 times greater than the lengths of neighboring, lower p[Formula: see text] regions. For the second group of regions the lengths of the regions are [Formula: see text]1–2 times greater than the lengths of neighboring lower p[Formula: see text] region. In the framework of the string fragmentation and hadronization dynamics, this could mean that the particles in the group [Formula: see text] of regions are produced through previous-generation strings decays into [Formula: see text]3–5 strings while those in group [Formula: see text] originate from previous-generation strings decays into [Formula: see text]2 strings.