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Publication AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCE AND PLANT LOCATION SELECTION(2021-04-10)Renewable energy resources ranking, and power plant location selection are multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. These problems can be solved as two-phase decision-making tasks separately and sequentially or, in a unified form, as a single-step task. In this paper, we are studying the efficiency and applicability of the unified approach based on fuzzy and Z-information, and TOPSIS technique. Alternatives for the single-step approach are generated based on renewables available in the country and potential geographical locations for these resources. Considering the importance of weights in MCDM and the multiplicity of approaches to criteria weighting, subjective, objective, AHP-based, and combination of the subjective and objective weights are used for decision matrix weighting. Comparative analysis of the solutions, based on various weights, allows making a reliable solution. The results of the study and problem solution confirm the efficiency and applicability of the combined approach. The advantage of the unified single step solution is that this approach, in addition to the solution of the main task, provides to decision-maker additional information about preferable next best renewable and location option as well. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication FUZZY INFORMATION AND Z-NUMBER-BASED APPROACHES TO ENERGY RESOURCE SELECTION(2020-05-15)In this paper, we study models for ranking renewables and a mix of energy resources in the development of long-term energy policy. Energy resource selection is a multi-criteria decision-making problem, characterized by incomplete information, uncertainties and intangibles, competitive priorities and contradictory requirements. The uniqueness of the problem and the limited relevant data necessitates the use of expert opinion as a principal source of information. All these factors contribute to subjectivity and vagueness in the decision-making process. Taking into consideration these circumstances, fuzzy information and a Z-number-based Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used as a decision-making tool. Z–number represents both the restriction and the reliability of evaluation and, due to these characteristics, it provides a better description of the uncertainty. Numerical examples and comparative analysis of fuzzy and Z-number-based models illustrate the process to solution and results. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A Fuzzy Analitic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) Application for a Renewable election in Azerbaijan(2020)Azerbaijan is an energy-independent country and oil and gas resources are driving forces for the country economics. But heavy reliance on hydrocarbons has two serious implications: traditional energy systems are environmentally harmful; all non-renewable resources have a limited lifecycle of production. In such circumstances, the development of renewables-based energy systems is of interest for Azerbaijan as well. Geographical features of the country provide a list of the country-level available renewables: solar, wind and hydro resources. Renewables selection is a multicriteria decision-making process and requires a comprehensive study of the social, economic, technological and other specific aspects of renewable development. Like any other unique undertakings and innovation, it is characterized by insufficient information, uncertainties and intangibles, competitive priorities and contradictory decisions. The necessity to rely on experts` opinion also contributes to the subjectivity and vagueness of decision-making problem. Taking into consideration these circumstances, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process has been used. According to the research results, available renewables are ordered, in accordance with priority, as following: solar → wind → hydro. A high priority for the solar resource presumably related to its availability almost all around the country, technical solutions affordability and relatively low per unit cost. The hydro has limited geographical availability, relatively high investment cost and some negative implications for nature. The wind is in the intermediate - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Renewable Energy Sources Development Risk Analysis and Evaluation: the Case of Azerbaijan(2019-12-20)Steady increase in renewable energy production and supply allows gradually substitute environmentally harmful traditional energy systems. Developers of the renewable projects encounter various types of risks, inherent to these projects, and all these risks should be studied in advance and ways of their mitigation developed. In the paper risks related to the development of renewables in Azerbaijan are analyzed and assessed based on experts’ opinion study. Typical for the projects on renewable energy, nine risks and risk components likelihood and their impacts have been evaluated by experts and, based on their opinion, risk levels are calculated, and a risk profile is constructed. In general, risks are sufficiently different. However, energy policy-related, grid access and financial risks are significantly influential and require more attention. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication POLİETİLENQLÜKOL(3000)–QLİSERİN–H2O SİSTEMİNDƏ SƏTHİ GƏRİLMƏNİN TƏDQİQİ(2015)Polietilenqlükol(PEQ)–su, qliserin(1,2,3-trioksilpropan)–su və PEQ–qliserin–su sistemlərində səthi gərilmə əmsalının komponentlərin konsentra-siyasından asılılığı ölçülmüşdür. Alınan nəticələr göstərir ki, bu məhlullarda həll olan maddələrin molekulları səthə adsorbsiya olunurlar və onların polyar qrupları məhlulun daxilinə, qeyri–polyar qrupları isə səthdən kənara yönələrək səthi aktiv olurlar. THE INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE TENSION SYSTEMS CONSISTING OF POLYETHYLENEGLYCOL–GLYCERIN–WATER
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Publication Some properties of the pT regions observed at the LHC energies(2025-04-29)The inclusive spectrum of the charged particles, [Formula: see text]0- and [Formula: see text]-mesons produced in the pp collisions at LHC energies were analyzed by fitting them with exponential functions. It was found the spectra were composed of several p[Formula: see text] regions, which could be characterized by the length of the regions [Formula: see text] and two free fitting parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The study of the [Formula: see text] dependences of the parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and of the energy dependencies of the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] showed that the regions can be classified into two groups depending on the values of the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The values of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the first group don’t depend on colliding energy and the type of the particles (though the values of [Formula: see text] increase linearly with energy) whereas the characteristics in the second group of regions show strong dependencies. It was found that the ratio of the length for the [Formula: see text]-mesons to one for the [Formula: see text]0-mesons is approximately equal to the ratio of their mass: [Formula: see text]. Assuming that the values of the [Formula: see text] are directly proportional to the string tension the result could be considered as evidence in favor of parton string fragmentation dynamics. The increase in the lengths for the [Formula: see text]-mesons’ regions is accompanied by an increase of the values for the parameter [Formula: see text]. It can mean that the [Formula: see text]-mesons were produced at smaller values of [Formula: see text] compared with that for [Formula: see text]0-mesons. The results show that for the first group of regions the lengths of the regions are [Formula: see text]3–5 times greater than the lengths of neighboring, lower p[Formula: see text] regions. For the second group of regions the lengths of the regions are [Formula: see text]1–2 times greater than the lengths of neighboring lower p[Formula: see text] region. In the framework of the string fragmentation and hadronization dynamics, this could mean that the particles in the group [Formula: see text] of regions are produced through previous-generation strings decays into [Formula: see text]3–5 strings while those in group [Formula: see text] originate from previous-generation strings decays into [Formula: see text]2 strings.